What is Chronic Kidney disease (ckd) ? Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention

It is the job of the kidney to clean all the unrefined things in our blood. If there is no unrefined thing in our blood, we remain healthy. Kidney diseases have 2 types.

1. Acute kidney disease

2. Chronic kidney disease 

Acute kidney disease

Acute kidney disease is a temporary disease. This disease gets worse for some time. Some people have kidney failure due to snake bite, some infection, prostate or other different reasons. But it is curable.

Chronic kidney disease 

Chronic kidney disease is a permanent disease. If this disease strikes someone once then it can be          fatal. Because now its number is increasing further. In this the nephrons of the kidney slowly stop        working. It has 5 stages. 

Causes of Chronic Kidney disease

There are many causes for kidney failure.

1. Diabetes

2. Obesity

3. Blood Pressure

4. Kidney stone 

Symptoms of Chronic Kidney disease

In the first stage its symptoms are very normal which we ignore. It feels as if nothing has happened to me. There are many symptoms here.

1. Weakness

2. Not wanting to do any work

3. Loss of appetite

4. Sleeplessness

These are normal symptoms. If these symptoms last for 1 or 2 days then it is okay, if they persist for longer periods then you should consult a doctor. Most of the patients ignore these symptoms. When the kidney disease increases gradually and reaches stage 4 or 5, then the patient becomes aware of it. Then he starts feeling the symptoms. 

All of them like :-

1. The patient's hands, mouth and body all swell up.

2. Decrease in the amount of urine

3. No appetite at all

4. feeling more weak

5. Feel like vomiting

6. feel weak after walking a short distance

Diagnosis  of the Chronic Kidney disease

It is very easy to identify kidney disease. First we have to go to the doctor. It is a very small blood test like :-

1. CBC

2. Urea and creatinine 

3. Sodium potassium (Na+/K+)

4. Ca++

5. Uric acid

6. Mg++(Magnesium)

7. Urine routine microscopic(Re/Me)

8. Ultrasound

If you have any symptoms of kidney disease then you should consult an urologist or nephrologist.

Treatment  of the Chronic Kidney disease

There are mainly 2 types of chronic kidney disease.

1. Life style modification 

2. Medicine

When you are in your early stages like Stage 1, Stage 2, 3, 4, the doctor asks you to take lifestyle modification or medicine. If your kidney is totally damaged then you cannot just depend on medicines.  Then you will have to undergo dialysis or kidney transplant. Initially, the doctor will ask you to drink less water because the kidneys do not work properly, excess water is not being removed from the body, if you drink excess water then water will accumulate in the body, the body will swell, there will be problem in breathing, and you will be prohibited from eating food that contains protein. Avoid milk, Avoid spice foods, The doctor will forbid all these thing.

If the kidney stage is last then there are 2 options.

1. Dialysis

2. Kidney transplant 

Dialysis

Just like the kidney is a filtration machine that filters our blood 24 hours a day, similarly it is the filtration machine. In the dialysis machine, our blood is cleaned with the help of a pipe and the same clean blood goes into our body.

Kidney transplant 

When chronic kidney disease reaches stage 5, then kidney transplant can be done. In kidney transplant, a kidney from a living person or a dead person is inserted into the kidney transplant patient. This is the best procedure to treat kidney failure in today's world. In this method the patient is better than dialysis. There is no problem in life and eating and drinking too.

Prevention

If you are diabetic make sure that your sugar are well controlled as per yours doctor recommendations. Try to avoid over he counter medications especially pain killers or any unrecognized  medications, because they can harm kidneys. If you have, adopt a healthy life styles, that would help to prevent Chronic Kidney disease. make sure that you include salads and fruits in your diet. Avoid extra salt whenever possible. Make sure that you quit smoking totally and moderate the use of alcohol. Make sure that you have a periodic checkup. Even if you don't have any problem, make sure that at least once a year you have your kidney checked up. This can be done with simple test.